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三分快三计划2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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河南科技成果转化实现新突破******

□本报记者 尹江勇

  聚焦科技成果转化关键环节重点发力,为推动我省高质量发展聚力赋能。1月10日,记者从省科技厅获悉,2022年我省技术合同成交额达到1025亿元,同比增长68%,首次突破1000亿元大关!

  高位推动,促进科技成果转化取得新突破

  “这项成绩的取得,是我省认真贯彻落实习近平总书记重要讲话和指示批示精神,着力推进科技成果从应用研发到产业化的全过程有机衔接,不断增强成果转移转化服务效能的生动实践成果。”省科技厅科技成果转化与区域创新处处长程艳告诉记者。

  实现这一新突破,首先得益于省委、省政府高位推动。过去的一年,省委、省政府以敢为人先的锐气和胆识狠抓科技创新,省科技创新委员会对科技成果转化进行科学谋划、强力推动,持续落实《河南省促进科技成果转化条例》和《河南省技术转移体系建设实施方案》,把《关于推进科技成果转移转化的若干意见》纳入全省创新发展综合配套改革方案予以实施,全面深化我省赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权或长期使用权改革试点,迈出了试点改革的坚定步伐,形成各方齐抓共管、协同推进支持科技成果转化的良好生态,我省财政、税务等部门与科技部门协同联动,有效打通了科技成果转化通道。

  多策并举,赋能科技成果转化连上新台阶

  近几年,我省牢牢抓住成果转化关键环节,多策并举推动体制机制改革,促进成果供需对接,使科技成果转化在全省经济社会发展中的作用显著增强。

  ——提供源头供给。强力推动省实验室建设,重建重振省科学院,做优做强省农科院,创造一大批具有市场价值的高水平成果;凸显企业科技成果转化的核心主体作用,企业技术合同成交额986.4亿元,在全省占比持续保持在96%左右。

  ——坚持主副带动。国家中心城市郑州和中原城市群副中心城市洛阳、省域副中心城市南阳在全省科技成果转化工作中发挥引领带动作用,建立运营科技大市场、出台促进成果转移转化的政策措施。2022年,郑州实现技术合同成交额509.24亿元,占全省总成交额的49.7%;洛阳和南阳技术合同成交额也分别达到113.89亿元和108.39亿元,同比增长率分别为34.8%和181%。

  ——坚持考核引导。2021年起我省将技术合同成交额列入地市高质量发展考核指标,极大地调动了各地推动科技成果转化的积极性,有效发挥了考核“指挥棒”作用。商丘、漯河、信阳三市的技术合同成交额均实现大幅攀升,2022年技术合同成交额分别是2020年的42倍、22倍、12倍。

  完善体系,提升科技成果转化效能再上新水平

  省科技厅副厅长何守法表示,下一步,我省将深入贯彻落实党的二十大精神,紧紧围绕建设国家创新高地总目标,不断完善成果转化服务体系,全面提升河南省成果转移转化效能。争取建成布局合理、功能完善、开放协同、运行高效、符合科技创新规律和市场经济规律的科技成果转化体系,形成以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研深度融合的科技成果转化新格局,促成一大批科技成果在豫落地转化,力争实现技术合同成交额以每年15%以上比例增长,到“十四五”末期超过1500亿元。

  新闻1+1

  未来三年超千亿元支持1500家以上科技企业

  我省科技金融发展升级“新赛道”

  本报讯(记者 尹江勇王昺南)1月9日,记者从省科技厅与中原银行举行的战略合作签约仪式上获悉,未来三年,中原银行拟设立10家科技支行,重点支持1500家以上战略性新兴产业科技企业,累计提供各类金融支持1000亿元以上,这标志着我省科技金融发展进入新领域、新赛道。

  省科技厅相关负责人告诉记者,以支持战略性新兴产业为导向,双方将在重大创新平台建设、科技企业培育、重点区域和重点产业扶持、科技创新人才服务、特色科技支行打造、建立科技创新能力评价体系、开展创新创业活动等方面进行全方位深化合作。

  签约仪式上,省科技厅与中原银行共同启动科创企业“创新积分贷”。根据签约协议,未来三年,双方还将联合开展“科技成果转化·春晓行动”“千户展翼计划”和“招才引智计划”等。

  去年5月,在省委、省政府的强力推动下,中原银行成功吸收合并洛阳银行、平顶山银行、焦作中旅银行,并成立了一级部——科创双碳金融服务中心,统筹全行科技创新政策研究制定、产品创设、业务推动、渠道搭建、服务支撑等工作。

  据介绍,近年来,省科技厅、省财政厅联合多家金融机构先行先试,在全国率先开展了“科技贷”业务,已累计支持科技企业2099家(次),实现放款116.89亿元,成为在全国叫得响的科技金融品牌。

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